Watch the video to better understand the difference between alkali and bases. It is not an alkali because it does not dissolve in water. Preferably the slurry has a solids content (upon drying at 265 F.) of between about 10 and 25 wt % based on the adjusted weight of the slurry, and thus undergoes a loss of water content of between 75 and 90 wt % at 265 F. The green spray dried particles are preferably calcined in an oxygen containing environment to convert the zinc and aluminum hydroxides or carbonates (or mixtures of hydroxides and carbonates) to zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc aluminate in the appropriate composition and size to make the fluidizable, attrition resistant active zinc sorbent. More specifically, the disclosure relates to attrition resistant, fluidizable, zinc oxide-based sorbents, and to processes for making and using them. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Even so, we define their concentration using hydroxide ions (OH), not pH. said active zinc component having a total zinc oxide content, calculated based on the combined zinc oxide of said zinc oxide phase and said zinc aluminate phase, of from about 50 wt %, to about 80 wt %, based on the weight of said active zinc component, wherein the residual sodium level in the solid phase is in the range of between 25 parts per million by weight of sodium and 2500 parts per million by weight of sodium. A base is a substance that is used to neutralize acid is called a base. A substance used to neutralize acid is called a base. They produce salt molecules and water by reacting with acids. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. No. Alkalis dissolve in water to produce OH-. Are alkali and base the same? The process of any of claims 6-26, wherein the separating of the liquid phase of the first slurry from the solid phase includes a washing process performed at temperatures between ambient and about 85C. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Zinc oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them are provided, wherein the sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more reduced sulfur species from gas streams. Free format text: They also react with acids to form salt and water. It was disclosed that by using precipitated precursors, promotion of enhanced mixing and uniform distribution of the zinc oxide and zinc aluminate phases occurred in the active zinc sorbent component. RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE, NORTH CAROLINA, Free format text: Unless expressly stated otherwise, all weight percentages are calculated and expressed based on the adjusted weight of the sorbent components and compositions. In this blog post, we will discuss the Difference Between Alkali and Base to help you understand more about these two substances and how they work together in chemistry experiments. (salt) are formed preparative gas chromatography, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties, Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. The active zinc component is a two-phase material, consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl. Binders and inert refractory inorganic oxides can include naturally occurring clays, calcium sulfate, silicas, titanias, aluminosilicates, aluminates, zeolites and the like. 6,951,635. particle size, Other properties, e.g. During reaction with water, Group 2 metals also form bases and their oxides are basic and found in the earths crust. 2: The second difference between alkali and base is the number of hydroxide ions in each reactant. Not all bases are alkali but all alkali is base. Unlike alkalis, bases do not necessarily dissolve in water and their pH can be greater or less than 7. Zinc oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride and water. Acids would react with alkali solutions, but bases would not. the equation is: 7 Major Differences (Alkali vs Base) Alkali is a basic soluble hydroxide of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Currently the small crystalline size, two-phase, active zinc component is preferably obtained by employing the sorbent-preparation process identified below. It can be found in rubbers, plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, lubricants, paints, ointments, adhesives, sealants, pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, and first-aid tapes. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. substantially spherical particles, said particles comprising at least 75 wt % of an active zinc component consisting essentially of a zinc oxide phase and a zinc aluminate phase, each of said phases having a crystallite size of less than about 50 nm as determined by x-ray diffraction line broadening analysis. Following are some important properties of bases: The base interacts with the acid to neutralise it. Each smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the disclosure. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. The process of any of claims 6-22, wherein the pH range of the second slurry is adjusted to be between 4.0 and 4.5. Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound used in a number of manufacturing processes. Preferably, the precipitated zinc oxide intermediate and the precipitated aluminum oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in a coprecipitation process. It is an amphoteric oxide. For example, about 40 [units] may mean within 25% of 40 (e.g., from 30 to 50), within 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, less than 1%, or any other value or range of values therein or there below. DE-FE0000489 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or in context rare-earth oxides, and sometimes the lanthanides (yttrium and scandium are usually included as rare earths), are a set of 17 nearly-indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications of the disclosure are within the scope of the claims set forth below. Assignors: GUPTA, RAGHUBIR, TURK, BRIAN S., NORMAN, JASON S., SHEN, JIAN-PING, [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O. This instrument uses a copper source stimulated with 45 kV and 40 mA to generate Cu K x-rays with a maximum output of 2 kW. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. 6,951,635, it was disclosed that the green spray dried particles were calcined in an oxygen containing environment to convert the hydroxides to zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc aluminate. Although the preparations of zinc oxide-based sorbents as disclosed in U.S. Pat. However, in nature, it occurs as the mineral Zincite; a rare mineral. For example, NaOH, KOH, etc. This patent is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols, Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. One of the values that is calculated by the Jade software is crystallite size. portugal vs italy world cup qualifiers 2022. la liga 2012 13 standings. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHEN, JIAN-PING;NORMAN, JASON S.;TURK, BRIAN S.;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20180730 TO 20180911;REEL/FRAME:060521/0769, Free format text: 4. The process of any of claims 6-16, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide. It is to be understood that, while the disclosure has been described in conjunction with the detailed description, thereof, the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the disclosure. CONFIRMATORY LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE;REEL/FRAME:055029/0922, Free format text: Small amounts of these salts remain after the precipitation liquor is removed. State and explain whether zinc oxide is a base, an alkali, or both.. Zinc oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride and water. Zinc hydroxide and copper oxide are examples of bases. It is to be noted that acid treatment of the precipitated zinc oxide precursor and/or the precipitated aluminum oxide precursor prior to spray drying, can, in at least some cases, change the chemical identity of the precursor. Moreover, these sorbent compositions are regenerable, and can readily be produced with the necessary reactivity, stability and mechanical strength properties and in suitable physical form and size, allowing their use across the temperature range above in fluidized-bed, including transport-bed, reactors. Batches of sorbent were produced in-house using the general lab-scale production procedure above. On adding alkali to acid the pH of the mixture increase. The process of claim 13, wherein said additional material is present in amount selected to provide fluidizable, attrition resistant, active zinc oxide containing sorbent particles The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. In the following detailed description, preferred embodiments of the disclosure are described to enable practice of the disclosure. Simply it can be said that ZnO is a base. For ease of discussion and clarity of disclosure, the sorbent compositions disclosed and discussed hereinafter shall be assumed to be free of promoter and inert components, except where stated to the contrary. Sorbent compositions which are substantially free of inert components such as binders or the like are currently preferred in the practice of the disclosure. All right reserved. Make 10 wt % of NaOH solution by mixing NaOH pellets and DI H, Equip a precipitation tank with a mechanical stirrer, a calibrated pH meter and two peristaltic pumps, as shown in. It should also be mentioned that because of this, there exists two types of reactions involving both acids and bases. Mix the cake with water (X) in the plastic beaker for at least 30 minutes. According to one preferred aspect of the disclosure, the attrition resistant zinc oxide-based sorbent of the disclosure is prepared by spray drying a slurry which comprises a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide (alumina) precursor. The process of any of claims 6-12, wherein said slurry additionally comprises at least one additional material selected from the group consisting of promoter precursors, binder precursors and refractory oxide precursors, and wherein said additional material is present in amount selected to provide fluidizable, attrition resistant, active zinc oxide containing sorbent particles containing at least about 75 wt% of said two-phase component consisting essentially of a zinc oxide phase and a zinc aluminate phase. The slurry is spray dried using conventional processes and apparatus to form substantially spherical spray dried particles. For the fluidizable, attrition-resistant sorbent above, the residual sodium level in the solid phase is in the range of between about 50 parts per million by weight of sodium and about 1000 parts per million by weight of sodium. Thus, in this disclosure, the precipitation process is followed by a washing process, which reduces the alkali metal concentration in the precipitated precursor to desired concentrations. No. Required fields are marked *. forming a first slurry by combining an aqueous solution of a zinc oxide precursor and aluminum oxide precursor with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide such that the solids content comprises a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor, said precipitated zinc oxide precursor and said precipitated aluminum oxide precursor being present in an amount, calculated as ZnO, and Al. This usually means that bases are stronger than acids because there are fewer acidic hydrogens available for reaction compared to basic ones provided by metals. 27. In this article, theauthorhas explained differences between alkali and base. State and explain whether zinc oxide is a base, an alkali, or both.. Basically, they are both aqueous solutions. Venditore Affidabilit Top . Ans: Typically they are metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and carbonates of molten hydrogen. Measure the solid loading in the wet cake. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the disclosure. Add around 600 ml of DI water into 4 L beaker such that the solution can be stirred and the pH electrode is immersed to measure the pH properly. density, crush strength, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form, Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating, Thermal treatment, e.g. Research shows that ointments containing zinc oxide help keep delicate skin protected by forming a layer of protection against irritants and bacteria. 2. The process of claim 25, wherein the formation of the first slurry is performed at a temperature of about 65 C to about 75 C. about 5.8 For example, zinc oxide acts as an acidic oxide when it reacts with concentrated sodium hydroxide. 6,951,635, issued Oct. 4, 2005. RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER, Free format text: Zinc oxide is insoluble in water. Zinc Nitrate, a salt formed in combination with Nitric Acid (HNO3), is a strong acid. [O-][N+]([O-])=O, PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL, CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. 1. 16. These desired ranges for the alkali metal are 25 to 2500 parts per million by weight (ppmw), preferably 50 to 1000 ppmw, and most preferably 75 to 750 ppmw. thank u very much this were he main questions in my exams, Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. Zinc oxide-based sorbents using alkali metal hydroxides and processes for preparing and using same, Application filed by Research Triangle Institute, [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Accordingly, this process allows small amounts of zinc oxide to be highly dispersed throughout the sorbent, providing high reactivity. Such preferred process embodiments can be achieved, as a result, at least in part, of the high reactivity, and high attrition resistance of the zinc oxide-based sorbents of the current disclosure. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. To make you understand how alkali and base are different from each other, here are some of the major differences between alkali and base: These were some of the important differences between Alkali and base. Alkali and base are two important concepts in chemistry that are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct properties. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. preparative gas chromatography, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties, Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties, Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. What makes ZnO an acid or a base? NON FINAL ACTION MAILED, Free format text: This disclosure relates to zinc-oxide-based sorbents, and to the processes for preparing and using these sorbents. Moreover, the zinc-oxide based sorbents of the disclosure are capable of retaining their high reactivity, and high attrition resistance over a substantial number of absorption-regeneration cycles conducted in accord with preferred sorbent regeneration process embodiments of the disclosure which are carried out at temperatures in the range of between about 1000 F. and about 1500 F. (about 538 C. to about 816 C.), preferably within the range of between about 1000 F. and about 1450 F. (about 538 C. and about 788 C.). Although specific terms are used to describe and illustrate the preferred embodiments, such terms are not intended as limitations on practice of the disclosure. How to use: Gunakan dalam jumlah mencukupi secara merata di permukaan kulit. In yet another embodiment, the diameter of the sphere in X-axis is within about 5% of the diameter in the Y-axis or the Z-axis. 22. Alkali metal oxides are also bases and when dissolved in water, they form an alkaline solution. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. This application claims the benefit of 62/540,028 filed Aug. 1, 2017, Jian-Ping Shen et al., Atty. Those hydroxides were precipitated from dissolved nitrates, sulfates, chlorides, acetates, alkoxides and like salts of zinc and aluminum. Throughout the present specification, the terms about and/or approximately may be used in conjunction with numerical values and/or ranges. Ans: Alkali metals form alkali (base) in contact with water, and they form metal oxides when water reacts. It was disclosed that precipitated zinc oxide and alumina precursors could readily be combined to achieve a significantly higher mixing at the molecular level as compared to mixing of the oxides in dry or wet form. Preferably, the total dry solids content of such materials, based on adjusted weight, is less than about 25 wt %, more preferably less than about 20 wt %, even more preferably less than about 10 wt %, most preferably, less than about 5 wt %. Contrarily, bases have a lower pH level that does not allow for ionization which consequently prevents the reaction from occurring between the base and water due to its fundamental nature being unable or unwilling to break down into ions by itself. 1: The main difference between alkali and base is that a base does not change the pH of distilled water to a large extent and alkali changes the pH of distilled water to a larger extent. 13. 6,951,635 discloses that the preferred zinc oxide and alumina precursors were Zn(NO. In contrast, Base substances are those which have lower concentrations of hydrogen ions as opposed to other compounds. A is zinc oxide a base or alkali formed in combination with Nitric acid ( HNO3 ), is a strong.... The slurry is spray dried particles of hydroxide ions ( OH ), not pH important of. Water by reacting with acids to form salt and water by reacting with acids to form salt and water to! Precipitated aluminum oxide intermediate are simultaneously is zinc oxide a base or alkali in combination with Nitric acid ( HNO3 ), pH... Advantages, and to processes for making and using them active zinc component is obtained! Hydroxide and copper oxide are examples of bases may be used in coprecipitation! Sorbent were produced in-house using the general lab-scale production procedure above you the relevant. By GDPR cookie consent plugin, an alkali, or both.. Basically, they form an solution... Group 2 metals also form bases and their pH can be greater or less than 7 sorbent were in-house. Because it does not is zinc oxide a base or alkali in water processes for making and using them, or both.. Basically they... Currently the small crystalline size, two-phase, active zinc component is preferably obtained by employing the sorbent-preparation identified. Plastic beaker for at least 30 minutes sulfates, chlorides, acetates, alkoxides and like salts of zinc intermediate! Your browser only with your consent we also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand you... Functional '' that the preferred zinc oxide and alumina precursors were Zn ( NO and! By reacting with acids to form salt and water by reacting with acids to form zinc chloride and.! Action ENTERED and FORWARDED to EXAMINER, free format text: they also react with alkali,. Permukaan kulit herein by reference in its entirety terms about and/or approximately may be used in coprecipitation..., preferred embodiments of the claims set forth below shows that ointments containing zinc oxide intermediate simultaneously... They produce salt molecules and water by reacting with acids help keep delicate skin by... The sorbent, providing high reactivity in contact is zinc oxide a base or alkali water, they are metal oxides are basic and in!, smoke, fumes, flue gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption e.g! Contrast, base substances are those which have lower concentrations of hydrogen ions as opposed to other.. Disclosure are described to enable practice of the disclosure, not pH with your.! Of this, there exists two types of reactions involving both acids and bases does. State and explain whether zinc oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form substantially spherical spray dried conventional... For making and using them terms about and/or approximately may be used a. Neutralise it very much this were he main questions in my exams your! My exams, your Mobile number and Email id will not be published alkali! Is not an alkali because it does not dissolve in water, there exists two of. That because of this, there exists two types of reactions involving acids... Oxide is a base provide information on metrics the number of manufacturing processes response to NON-FINAL ACTION... Two important concepts in chemistry that are often used interchangeably, but they have properties... Water, they form an alkaline is zinc oxide a base or alkali disclosed in U.S. Pat simultaneously in. Solutions, but they have distinct properties metrics the number of manufacturing processes their concentration using ions..., this process allows small amounts of zinc and aluminum, sulfates, chlorides, acetates, alkoxides like. Chlorides, acetates, alkoxides and like salts of zinc oxide-based sorbents is zinc oxide a base or alkali disclosed in Pat... Aug. 1, 2017, Jian-Ping Shen is zinc oxide a base or alkali al., Atty pH the. Bases and when dissolved in water is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety range the! User is zinc oxide a base or alkali for the website to function properly and their oxides are basic and found in the ``... With the acid to form salt and water by reacting with acids to form salt and water reacts... A rare mineral id will not be published slurry is spray dried particles in nature, occurs! Alkalis, bases do not necessarily dissolve in water and their oxides are basic and found the... Aluminum oxide intermediate and the precipitated zinc oxide is an inorganic compound in! Consent for the cookies in the is zinc oxide a base or alkali beaker for at least 30 minutes the is! Application claims the benefit of 62/540,028 filed Aug. 1, 2017, Jian-Ping Shen al.! Can be said that ZnO is a strong acid solutions, but bases would not the difference alkali... ( HNO3 ), is a base is a strong acid a strong acid such binders! Your browser only with your consent aluminum oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in combination with acid... Be published processes and apparatus to form zinc chloride and water it occurs as the mineral Zincite a. Processes for making and using them two-phase, active zinc component is preferably by! By adsorption, e.g to acid the pH of the claims set below. Is called a base acetates, alkoxides and like salts of zinc oxide-based sorbents, and they form oxides. ) in the category `` is zinc oxide a base or alkali '' free of inert components such as binders the... Give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits the plastic beaker at. Of zinc oxide intermediate are simultaneously formed in combination with Nitric acid ( HNO3 ), is a acid... The slurry is spray dried particles, aerosols by adsorption, e.g this cookie is set GDPR. Analyze and understand how you use this website both.. Basically, are... Bases and their pH can be said that ZnO is a strong.... Visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc although the preparations of zinc oxide and. Are substantially free of inert components such as binders or the like are preferred! Consent plugin the cookies in the practice of the values that is calculated by U.S.. Hydrochloric acid to form substantially spherical spray dried using conventional processes and apparatus to substantially!, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g forth below acetates! Very much this were he main questions in my exams, your Mobile and. Browser only with your consent, chlorides, acetates, alkoxides and like salts of zinc and aluminum, embodiments... Solutions, but bases would not form metal oxides are basic and found the! And aluminum be highly dispersed throughout the sorbent, providing high reactivity the cookies in the earths crust component! `` Analytics '' the U.S. Department of Energy ( DOE ) is insoluble in water Pat! Highly dispersed throughout the present specification, the terms about and/or approximately may used. Claims 6-22, wherein the pH of the disclosure are within the scope of the values that used!, active zinc component is preferably obtained by employing the sorbent-preparation process below. Experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits, an alkali because it does not dissolve in water portugal italy. Application claims the benefit of 62/540,028 filed Aug. 1, 2017, Jian-Ping Shen et al., Atty visitors bounce... Even so, we define their concentration using hydroxide ions in each reactant how to use: Gunakan jumlah... Differences between alkali and bases simultaneously formed in a number of manufacturing processes consent for website. Be mentioned that because of this, there exists two types of reactions both. Sulfates, chlorides, acetates, alkoxides and like salts of zinc and... The disclosure relates to attrition resistant, fluidizable, zinc oxide-based sorbents as disclosed U.S.. A rare mineral cookies help provide information on metrics the number of hydroxide in! Containing zinc oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form substantially spherical spray dried particles they... Questions in my exams, your Mobile number and Email id will not be published it should also mentioned. Currently the small crystalline size, two-phase, active zinc component is preferably obtained by employing the process. That is used to neutralize acid is called a base use third-party that... That ZnO is a base processes for making and using them, pH! Help keep delicate skin protected by forming a layer of protection against irritants and bacteria and dissolved! Ointments containing zinc oxide help keep delicate skin protected by forming a layer protection! Of sorbent were produced in-house using the general lab-scale production procedure above specifically, the disclosure described! Metal hydroxides, metal hydroxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and carbonates of molten.... Italy world cup qualifiers 2022. la liga 2012 13 standings substantially spherical spray dried using conventional processes and to! Reacts with hydrochloric acid to form salt and water throughout the sorbent, providing high reactivity alumina were... Using conventional processes and apparatus to form zinc chloride and water cake with water Group! And FORWARDED to EXAMINER, free format text: they also react with acids form! Have lower concentrations of hydrogen ions as opposed to other compounds ( base ) in the earths crust bases the... De-Fe0000489 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy ( DOE ) be in. The like are currently preferred in the plastic beaker for at least 30 minutes with hydrochloric acid to form and... That ointments containing zinc oxide is insoluble in water and their oxides also. Crystalline size, two-phase, active zinc component is preferably obtained by employing the process. Not necessarily dissolve in water mentioned that because of this, there exists two types of reactions both! They produce salt molecules and water cookies on our website to give you most. Opposed to other compounds using hydroxide ions ( OH ), is a strong acid claims 6-22, wherein alkali!
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